The Basic Tenets of Major Political Ideologies | Week 2Lesson 2 | Philippine Politics and Governance

If people look at society through different political lenses, will they always see the same problems—and the same solutions? In Week 2 Lesson 2, we explore the basic tenets of major political ideologies and examine how each ideological "lens" emphasizes different values and priorities. This lesson introduces Liberalism, Conservatism, Socialism, Communism, and Fascism, focusing on their central ideas, values, and perspectives on society. It also provides a brief glimpse into other ideological traditions such as Anarchism, Libertarianism, Nationalism, Feminism, Environmentalism, and Populism. Rather than simply memorizing definitions, learners are encouraged to compare ideological perspectives and consider how different beliefs can lead people to view the same social problem in different ways. The lesson uses the "political lenses" metaphor throughout the discussion. 📚 This presentation follows the ILAW (Intentions–Learning Experiences–Assessment–Wrap-up) Structure, with learning objectives, success criteria, motivational activity, discussion, visual organizers, collaborative learning, formative assessment, reflection, and assignment. Lesson Coverage Political Ideology as a Lens The Five Major Political Ideologies Liberalism Conservatism Socialism Communism Fascism Comparing Ideological Perspectives Other Political Ideological Traditions Political Ideologies and Different Perspectives The lesson ends with a Political Lens Poster/Infographic Activity, where learners work in groups to represent one ideology through its central value, emphasis, guiding question, and key concept. Important Note This lesson focuses on understanding the basic tenets and differences among political ideologies. Their actual effects on governance systems and economic structures will be explored in the succeeding lesson, 2.3. The assignment prepares learners to carry their analysis into that discussion. References Primary References Department of Education. (2025). Philippine politics and governance curriculum guide. Department of Education. Mendoza, E. C., et al. (2016). Philippine politics and governance. Rex Book Store. Secondary References Heywood, A. (2017). Political ideologies: An introduction (6th ed.). Red Globe Press. Heywood, A. (2021). Politics (5th ed.). Red Globe Press. Freeden, M. (1996). Ideologies and political theory: A conceptual approach. Oxford University Press. Tags Philippine Politics and Governance, Political Ideology, Major Political Ideologies, Liberalism, Conservatism, Socialism, Communism, Fascism, Political Science, HUMSS, Senior High School, Grade 11, Grade 12, DepEd, ILAW Structure, Political Ideologies Explained, The HUMSS Guru, Academic Elective Hashtags #PhilippinePoliticsAndGovernance #PoliticalIdeology #Liberalism #Conservatism #Socialism #Communism #Fascism #PoliticalScience #HUMSS #SeniorHighSchool #DepEd #ILAW #TheHUMSSGuru #AcademicElective